Khaladoon Philipus Nseir
2025 / 9 / 10
Although this is perhaps not true only in Europe, but in the Fertile Crescent, Egypt and North Africa, many religions remained and continued except in extreme stages at the beginning of the collapse of Rome and the weakness of Byzantium, while the Eastern non-Hellenic Christianity that spread in Asia and its followers outnumbered the followers of Hellenic Christianity in its two branches, Orthodox and Catholic, lived with great religious diversity with the peoples of Mesopotamia, Persia, India, Central Asia, China, Korea and Southeast Asia.
An accusation -dir-ected at Christianity is that in the places where it spread, no other religions remained, which indicates that it was religiously intolerant and that it subjugated other religions and eliminated them by kindness´-or-cruelty, through proselytizing, threats,´-or-torture. Other religions, such as Buddhism and Hinduism, and even Islam and Judaism, despite their racism, allowed the existence of others, and even religions described as pagan´-or-barbaric, such as the Vikings, Germans, and Celts.
Well, let us examine this, especially since this claim is almost what remains after refuting the doctrine and history of Christianity through a historical process of very, very, very harsh and very, very focused criticism since the beginning of the Renaissance until today, that is, about more than 500 years. No religion in the world has been subjected to this and does not even come close to it by one in a thousand.
Note that the Jewish religion was criticized to the same degree due to its adherence to Christianity through the books of the Tanakh, which Constantine imposed to be included in the Christian Bible under the name of the Old Testament, alongside the four canonical Gospels and a group of the Acts of the Apostles, the disciples of Christ, which together were called the New Testament. Constantine exploited a loophole in an interpretation of a phrase of Christ in the Sermon on the Mount, which is the backbone and the basic, comprehensive, and central reference point for the doctrine and teachings of Christ, which is (I did not come to abolish the law, but to fulfill it...) although in the same Sermon on the Mount it was clear that you heard that it was said to the ancients... As for me, I say to you that Christ abolished the harsh, racist, hateful, and defiling Jewish law for everything outside the Jewish people chosen by Yahweh, with the testimony and protest of the great Jewish priests and philosophers, including Moses Maimonides, and he accused his teachings of being impure Greek heresies and that Christ was the most ill-omened and evil person who harmed Judaism (of course, he stripped them of the characteristic of Yahweh’s chosen people and equated them with the rest of humanity). And they lost this racial advantage at the hands of the teachings of Christ) and there is confirmation of this point from Feuerbach, one of the great giants of the anti-religious Hegelian leftist philosophy, alongside Marx and Engels, in his book The Origin of Religion, in which he reached a complete conviction that Christ is a purely imaginary character and a projection by the Apostle Paul of the character and teachings of Seneca the Stoic onto the character of the awaited Messiah, whose attributes are mentioned in the Book of Isaiah in the Jewish Tanakh. Of course, his historical error was proven, as Christ is a real historical person whom Pilate tried under pressure from the Council of Jewish rabbis to accuse him of blasphemy, although he was not guilty according to Roman law. However, the Council threatened to complain to the emperor, so he was, with a clever diplomatic move, washed his hands of his blood and ordered his crucifixion based on the request of the Council for Christ’s violation of the laws of Judaism. The Romans were harsh but not corrupt, and he feared accountability from the Senate and the emperor if he issued an illegal ruling´-or-carried out an order that was not condemned by law. The law is a dangerous pillar that may not be touched in Rome. It is clear and obvious that Constantine He was not a Christian and did not embrace it until the last hours before his death. He was a Manichaean before that, but like the character of the founders of empires and their builders, they were irreligious agnostics, and religion for them was a tool of social control. Manichaeism and Christianity, with their moral values -;--;-that completely reject violence, and which the vast majority of specialists in the human sciences in philosophy, history, law, ethics, politics, and religion have reached, that these two doctrines combined and summarized the culture of the entire region of the ancient world, which was dominated by the Hellenistic culture in the Roman and Persian empires in Mesopotamia, historical Syria, Egypt, Persia, Asia Minor, and Greece.
Constantine found it to be an ideal tool for social, moral, administrative, and legal reform... perfect for rebuilding a unified internal structure in the Roman Empire, which was divided into four parts, each ruled by an emperor. This tool would allow Constantine to reunify the empire s communities under his sole rule as the single emperor. However, the dilemma that troubled him and was not allowed by either religion was the legitimization of violence as an army and rule, which was impossible with Christianity and Manichaeism. He later learned the consequences of this on the military strength and aggression of the empire, as happened with the greatest Indian emperor Ashoka the Great, who was a formidable military leader but realized that his military campaigns and victories caused terrible suffering within his empire. He addressed this by adopting Buddhism as a reforming religion for society, building an unparalleled humanistic, scientific, and civilizational renaissance in India, but weakening its military spirit, which allowed invaders to conquer it some time after his death. So what was Constantine s solution?
His solution was this loophole that his shrewd advisors found, which could be manipulated and interpreted skillfully by incorporating the Tanakh and its violent legislations to provide legitimacy for the violence he needed. He resolved the matter in favor of Christianity, provided he ensured this modification in the sacred councils he established, even though he was not a Christian.
Judaism was at the heart of Christianity, just as monarchy is at the heart of the United Kingdom—a king is only a symbol who does not rule´-or-own-;- they glorify him, bow to him, crown him, carry his scepter, and parade before him, then he goes and sits in his palace, does not decide anything, has no right to dispose of his properties, has no authority over anything, and the decision lies with the parliament, government, state institutions, and society.
• From this, we conclude that Christianity, as described by experts in the humanities, along with Manichaeism, are the two doctrines that gathered and summarized the culture of the entire Old World region, which was dominated by Hellenistic culture in the Roman and Persian empires in Mesopotamia, historical Syria, Egypt, Persia, Asia Minor, and Greece.
a. Implicitly, you will find Stoicism, Platonism, and Greek philosophy... and you will find Hercules the Mighty in Samson and the Father in Zeus...
b. Implicitly, you will find Pharaonic beliefs and their values about resurrection, the Trinity, the resurrection of Osiris the god of life, his victory over the god of evil Set, the role of Isis, and judgment after death...
c. Implicitly, you will find the gods of Mesopotamia, Tammuz, Ishtar, resurrection, judgment, Noah s flood, and many stories that the Tanakh took from Mesopotamia...
d. You will find the ancient Syrian civilization in Adonis, who was killed and rose after three days... even the transference of Christian saints onto goddesses, such as the transference of the character of Saint George onto the god Qadmus, who killed the dragon that caused the villages thirst and is nicknamed the quickly responsive saint who saves those who call upon him, like the god Qadmus...
e. You will find the transference of mythological figures from different religions through it-;- you will find Odin in the Father and Thor in a chariot between Christ and Samson.
f. You will find the earth and fertility gods of the Maya and Inca in the Virgin Mary, even in the crucifixion of Christ as an eternal paid atonement after which the Maya no longer needed bloody human sacrifices for the gods...
g. Implicitly, you will find Christ as Buddha and Krishna, for the Buddhists called him the Buddha of love, just as they called Mani the Buddha of light...
h. Even the ritual practices associated with religions for livelihood needs were embedded in Christianity and were not lost by societies. Spring festivals and those preceding them in the religions of the Fertile Crescent and Egypt, such as the 50-day fast before Easter, existed before Christianity and were needs developed by societies to allow their domestic animals a period of pregnancy, ovulation, and raising their young, as fasting prohibits consuming any animal product. The same applies to the 40-day fast before Christmas to increase livestock capacity and to prepare the believer for winter, which begins approximately with the start of Christ s birthday, and the fast of the Dormition of the Virgin before the end of summer for 15 days to prepare for the beginning of autumn. Even fasting two days a week is intended to give domestic animals a rest, among many other religious ritual practices before Christianity that Christianity adopted and did not forbid its new followers from observing.
i. And the same applies everywhere. Christianity presented itself as a more beloved, easier, and gentler alternative while roughly preserving the cultural norms of each region. This enabled Christianity, with the amount of compassion it grants especially to the suffering, to be a great solution, a refuge of comfort and consolation, and a feeling of kind father and mother who care for them and always accept them, returning to cry in their arms like children.
j.Christianity, due to the incorporation of Judaism into it, provided an opportunity for it to be imposed by force, especially at the hands of Charlemagne and other princes in Britain, as well as some violent churchmen, and even in the Americas by the Spaniards and Portuguese. However, the scale of death that affected the Native Americans was due to measles, plague, and influenza, to which their bodies had no immunity, and not the Holocaust, whose scale was greatly exaggerated by Renaissance thinkers. The spread of Christianity and its culture was gradual and peaceful. Their wide spread and the disappearance of other religions by a vast majority were due to this flexible characteristic. Followers of other religions did not lose their culture but preserved it and added compassion to it. This characteristic spread Eastern Christianity in Asia, including Korea, China, India, Mongolia, and Central Asia, where its number of followers exceeded that of Hellenistic Orthodox and Catholic Christianity combined, which in some cases spread by force.
Christianity is an ethical religious philosophy without rituals and is -dir-ected towards the individual, not society, like Buddhism and Manichaeism. It closely aligns with Greek philosophies, most importantly Stoicism, which led Feuerbach to believe that Christ is actually Seneca the Stoic, projected by Paul.
This simply made it acceptable to adopt rituals and projections of figures with a popular religious heritage for the societies that embraced it. It did not abandon their ancient cultures but got rid of what was disturbing in them, such as bloody sacrifices and discrimination among humans based on race, wealth,´-or-other factors...
In Christianity, God is a loving father who always accepts His children, forgives them, helps them, wants their well-being, and loves them unconditionally. Mary, a loving mother with the same qualities, fears for her children as the Son of God, embraces and protects them, intercedes for them when they err, pleads and begs so they are not punished, and gives them a chance for repentance and righteousness, like any mother who feels relieved if her children are harmed by anything. This appeals especially to humans, particularly the poor, intellectuals, the middle class, and even the wealthy, from their purely innocent human side that seeks comfort, sympathy, and unconditional love,
and a sense of security and protection for that child who resides within us and governs our subconscious
Although this is perhaps not true only in Europe, but in the Fertile Crescent, Egypt and North Africa, many religions remained and continued except in extreme stages at the beginning of the collapse of Rome and the weakness of Byzantium, while the Eastern non-Hellenic Christianity that spread in Asia and its followers outnumbered the followers of Hellenic Christianity in its two branches, Orthodox and Catholic, lived with great religious diversity with the peoples of Mesopotamia, Persia, India, Central Asia, China, Korea and Southeast Asia.
An accusation -dir-ected at Christianity is that in the places where it spread, no other religions remained, which indicates that it was religiously intolerant and that it subjugated other religions and eliminated them by kindness´-or-cruelty, through proselytizing, threats,´-or-torture. Other religions, such as Buddhism and Hinduism, and even Islam and Judaism, despite their racism, allowed the existence of others, and even religions described as pagan´-or-barbaric, such as the Vikings, Germans, and Celts.
Well, let us examine this, especially since this claim is almost what remains after refuting the doctrine and history of Christianity through a historical process of very, very, very harsh and very, very focused criticism since the beginning of the Renaissance until today, that is, about more than 500 years. No religion in the world has been subjected to this and does not even come close to it by one in a thousand.
Note that the Jewish religion was criticized to the same degree due to its adherence to Christianity through the books of the Tanakh, which Constantine imposed to be included in the Christian Bible under the name of the Old Testament, alongside the four canonical Gospels and a group of the Acts of the Apostles, the disciples of Christ, which together were called the New Testament. Constantine exploited a loophole in an interpretation of a phrase of Christ in the Sermon on the Mount, which is the backbone and the basic, comprehensive, and central reference point for the doctrine and teachings of Christ, which is (I did not come to abolish the law, but to fulfill it...) although in the same Sermon on the Mount it was clear that you heard that it was said to the ancients... As for me, I say to you that Christ abolished the harsh, racist, hateful, and defiling Jewish law for everything outside the Jewish people chosen by Yahweh, with the testimony and protest of the great Jewish priests and philosophers, including Moses Maimonides, and he accused his teachings of being impure Greek heresies and that Christ was the most ill-omened and evil person who harmed Judaism (of course, he stripped them of the characteristic of Yahweh’s chosen people and equated them with the rest of humanity). And they lost this racial advantage at the hands of the teachings of Christ) and there is confirmation of this point from Feuerbach, one of the great giants of the anti-religious Hegelian leftist philosophy, alongside Marx and Engels, in his book The Origin of Religion, in which he reached a complete conviction that Christ is a purely imaginary character and a projection by the Apostle Paul of the character and teachings of Seneca the Stoic onto the character of the awaited Messiah, whose attributes are mentioned in the Book of Isaiah in the Jewish Tanakh. Of course, his historical error was proven, as Christ is a real historical person whom Pilate tried under pressure from the Council of Jewish rabbis to accuse him of blasphemy, although he was not guilty according to Roman law. However, the Council threatened to complain to the emperor, so he was, with a clever diplomatic move, washed his hands of his blood and ordered his crucifixion based on the request of the Council for Christ’s violation of the laws of Judaism. The Romans were harsh but not corrupt, and he feared accountability from the Senate and the emperor if he issued an illegal ruling´-or-carried out an order that was not condemned by law. The law is a dangerous pillar that may not be touched in Rome. It is clear and obvious that Constantine He was not a Christian and did not embrace it until the last hours before his death. He was a Manichaean before that, but like the character of the founders of empires and their builders, they were irreligious agnostics, and religion for them was a tool of social control. Manichaeism and Christianity, with their moral values -;--;-that completely reject violence, and which the vast majority of specialists in the human sciences in philosophy, history, law, ethics, politics, and religion have reached, that these two doctrines combined and summarized the culture of the entire region of the ancient world, which was dominated by the Hellenistic culture in the Roman and Persian empires in Mesopotamia, historical Syria, Egypt, Persia, Asia Minor, and Greece.
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